Amit Shah was born to Gujarati parents Mrs. Kusumben and Mr. Anilchandra Shah on October 22, 1964 in Mumbai. He completed 16 years of his schooling in his ancestral village of Mansa, Gujarat and moved to Ahmedabad with his family, thereafter. A patriot and an avid reader since childhood, Shah was inspired by the biographies of the great nationalists and aspired to serving his Motherland and contributing to the country’s progress.

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Inspired by its ideology Shah joined Rashtriya Swayamsewak Sangh (RSS) as a Swayamsevak (volunteer) at the age of 16 years in 1980. Shah also started participating in organizational activities of Sangh’s student wing Akhil Bharatiya Vidhyarthi Parishad (ABVP).

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Because of his commitment to ideology, organizational ability and oratory skills, Shah was elevated to the post of the Joint Secretary of the Gujarat unit of Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad (ABVP) within two years of joining the organization. 

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Amit Shah started his politics journey in 1987 when he joined BJP’s youth wing Bharatiya Janata Yuva Morcha (BJYM). He started playing an active role in various organizational programs of BJYM.

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Shah was given first organizational assignment when he was made the secretary of the BJP Ahmedabad city in 1989. This marked significant milestones in his political journey.

• Successful coordination and management of BJP’s campaign to mobilize masses during Ram Janambhoomi movement and Ekta Yatra.
  
• As Chief Campaigner and Election Coordinator, he steered the campaign of senior BJP leader Mr. Lal Krishna Advani from Gandhinagar Loksabha constituency.
• Subsequently, he was also appointed the Chief Campaigner and Election Strategist for the former Prime Minister Shri. Atal Bihari Vajpayee when he contested from Gandhinagar.

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In 1995, Shah was appointed as the Chairman of Gujarat State Finance Corporation (GSFC). His achievements included:

• For the first time in the history, GSFC’s net profit rose to 214%.
  
• GSFC was converted into a Public Limited Company and its IPO was launched.
• For the first time under his chairmanship, innovative changes like the lease purchase method, working capital loan and truck loan were introduced to create maximum impact.

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Amit Shah contested assembly election from Gujrat’s Sarkhej legislative assembly constituency in 1997 and won by a huge margin, a trend which manifested in each electoral win with an increasing margin. He continued to win this seat for four consecutive terms every time with a higher margin. He won the first election by a margin of 24,689 votes that rose more than 5 times to 132,477 votes in the next election. He won his third and fourth term with record margins 288,327(approx. 12 times) and 232,823 votes respectively.

After delimitation, Shah’s new assembly seat was Naranpura which had just one forth the number of voters as compared to his previous assembly Sarkhej. However, he still won the election by a huge margin of 63,235 votes. Despite being just MLA with a meagre Rs.50 lacs as MLA grant, he mobilized thousands of crores from AUDA, state government and other sources to ensure the development of his constituency.

‘People’s Person’: How MLA Amit Shah’s pioneering work struck a chord with the people

Before delimitation in 2008, Amit Shah’s assembly constituency was the second largest in the state composed of three talukas. With urban development, harnessing youth power, addressing local environment & health issues as his key priorities Shah introduced a series of measures which were strategized to have a long-term benefit for the residents of the constituency. These included the following:

• The ground water had fluoride contamination that led to rampant diseases and ailments amongst the local residents for several years. Shah took this problem head-on and mobilized budget of Rs.1400 crore to ensure continuous supply of clean drinking water.
  
• A believer of youth power and a sports enthusiast, Shah developed a modern sports academy in his constituency with top-notch sports facilities. Today, the academy offers a variety of games including badminton, table tennis, swimming, skating, volleyball and cricket.
• Recognising the problem of climate change, Shah developed 75 gardens in his assembly constituency and facilitated plantation of more than 1.25 lakh trees to improve air quality and provide a green cover for future generations. He also spent Rs.80 crores to construct 30 km of drains to address the problem of water logging.
• Understanding the importance of water conservation, he facilitated construction of water bodies along with rain water harvesting structures.
• Solid waste management has also been his priority as he introduced door-to-door collection of household garbage and constructed solid waste management plant for effective recycling.
• During his tenure, a number of flyovers, underpass, bridges, and a ring road were constructed to ensure smooth flow of traffic. This initiative not only brought down the traveling time significantly but also helped bring down pollution levels.
• Shah’s constituency did not have even a single crematorium causing a lot of problems to locals. Feeling the plight of the people he facilitated the construction a modern crematorium.
• He executed a number of beautification projects including ‘fountains and Gaurav Path’ in thickly populated areas.
• He is also given credit for rehabilitating thousands of slum dwellers and beautification of land cleared by removal of slums.

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His organizational capacity was recognised by the top BJP leadership and at a relatively younger age of 34 years, Shah was appointed as Secretary of the Gujarat unit of Bharatiya Janta Party in the year 1998.

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Amit Shah became the youngest Chairman of the Ahmedabad District Cooperative Bank (ADCB) at the age of 36 years. Within a span of just one year, he not only recovered the loss of Rs 20.28 crore but made the bank attain a profit of Rs 6.60 crore and distributed a dividend of 10 percent. 

Notable achievements as Chairman of ADCB

• When Shah took over the reins of this cooperative bank, it was undergoing a massive loss of Rs Rs.20.28 crore and had not paid a dividend to its shareholders for several years. Though initially he faced stiff opposition for his turnaround proposals, Shah’s sharp acumen, leadership and problem-solving skills, turned around both his critics and most importantly, the bank within just a year. The bank not only recovered its losses but posted a net profit of Rs.6.60 crore and also paid a dividend of 10%. The following years, the bank continued to register profits and gave a dividend of 13.77%. During his tenure as Chairmen, ADCB became the topmost Cooperative Bank of Gujarat.
• In his tenure as President of ADCB, State Bank of India suddenly stopped the overdraft against fixed deposits facility to cooperative banks. But owing to his untiring efforts, SBI had to take back its decision within 48 hours. This benefitted all the Cooperative Banks in the state.
• Realizing the need of the poorest of poor in rural areas, Shah enhanced insurance cover for labourers and farmers to Rs.10,000 from Rs.2,500 and Rs.500 respectively.
• Around this time, Madhavpura Bank Ahmedabad went bankrupt, putting depositors with savings of Rs. 800 crores and the entire co-operative banking sector at risk. The problem engulfed the entire cooperative banking system in the state and the people were desperate to withdraw their money. A depositor, who belonged to Shah’s constituency, couldn’t bear the shock and committed suicide. He was shaken by the turn of events and took it upon himself to revive Madhavpura Bank. As part of this herculean effort, Shah got state and national financial institutions on board and prepared a detailed plan to bring back the bank on track. He not only successfully revived the bank but also introduced a deposit insurance scheme that helped depositors and account holders recover their Rs. 400 crores.

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In 2001, Amit Shah was appointed as the National Coordinator of the Cooperative Wing of Bharatiya Janta Party. In this duration, his impactful deliveries and proven past track record, led colleagues coin a phrase ‘The Grandfather of the Cooperative Movement’ in his honor.

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Amit Shah was sworn in as a minister in Gujrat Government for the first time in 2002 and was given charge of important departments like Home, Traffic, Prohibition, Parliamentary Affairs, Law and Excise. His work as Gujarat Home Minister was much appreciated as during his tenure the state witnessed a significant drop in crime rates and no communal conflict was reported. While he took significant steps to modernize the state police, in the same vein he was also instrumental in establishing a state-of-the-art Forensic Laboratory. Notably, world’s first Forensic Science University was stared in Gujarat during his tenure. The traffic Branch of police to protect highways was reconstituted which significantly brought down road accidents and highway crimes. Gujarat’s progress in smart policing was praised by the National Crime Bureau, Govt. of India, when it declared Gujarat as most peaceful state of the country with regard to labour, industrial and farmer conflict. Shah took up several such steps during his tenure as Home Minister under the guidance of then Gujarat CM Shri Narendra Modi, which charted a new path for policing in Gujarat and model for other states.

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Himself an avid chess player, Amit Shah became the President of Gujarat Chess Association in 2006 and it was during his tenure only the national championship (National-B) was organized in Gujarat.

Significant Achievements

• On a pilot basis, Shah introduced chess in schools of Ahmedabad in keeping with his belief that exercise of both body and mind are equally important for overall personality development of children. After the introduction of chess, a study found that IQ of kids who played the game, developed at a faster pace. Subsequently, on advice of then Chief Minister Mr. Narendra Modi, chess was introduced in schools at the state level.
  
• During his tenure, a national championship of chess (National-B) was organised for the first time in Gujarat.
• Gujarat also earned its name in the Guinness Book of World Records when it organised a chess championship that saw participation of 20,000 players. The state, thus, broke the record of Mexico that had seen the participation of 18,000 chess players. It also earned a place for itself in the Limca Book of Records when it organised an all-women chess championship that saw 4,000 participants.
• These endeavours have catalysed Gujarat into producing a number of national and international chess players. These include Grand Masters Tejas Bakre and Ankit Rajpara and International Women Master Dhyani Dave.

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In 2009, Amit Shah was appointed as the President of the Ahmedabad Central Board of Cricket Association and the Vice-President of Gujarat State Cricket Association.

Key highlights of his tenure as Cricket Administrator

• For the first time Mr. Shah created posts of Director, Deputy Director, and Coach at GCA academy. His thoughtful initiative ensured better training for youngsters which resulted in a number of young players getting included in India’s U-19 cricket team.
  
• The deposit base of GCA expanded to Rs. 163 crores from mere Rs. 22.25 crores.
• Earlier, only those players who have played a minimum of 24 Ranji matches received pension from BCCI. Today however players who have played even one Ranji match from Gujarat are entitled to get this pension. Even wives of former cricketers now get pension which has given a big boost to their financial security.
• Redevelopment of Ahmedabad’s Motera Stadium was initiated during his tenure.

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Owing to the political malevolence, Mr. Amit Shah was sent to jail in 2010 in a fake encounter case. He was acquitted from all charges by a special CBI court on the grounds that all accusations were politically motivated. 

Entire Case was politically motivated

Under leadership of Gujarat Chief Minister Mr. Narendra Modi, Amit Shah successfully dented Congress party’s political prospects in the state by wiping it out at all levels. During his tenure as home minister of Gujarat, a dreaded terrorist Sohrabuddin Sheikh was gunned down by the state police, the Congress led UPA government at the centre, framed charges of fake encounter against Shah to avenge their political slide in Gujarat. During this period country recorded 1200 encounter cases and Gujarat just 19. However, due to Congress’ intent of political vendetta, all 19 cases of Gujarat and just one case from remaining 1189 cases were selected for the inquiry. When he was granted bail after 90 days, the court observed that “There is no prima facie evidence against Amit Shah”. But despite getting bail, he was forced to stay out of Gujarat for two years. In 2015, a special CBI court finally acquitted Shah of all charges with a remark “entire case was politically motivated.”

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Recognizing the political acumen and efficiency of Shah, the BJP's national leadership made him the National General Secretary before the 2014 Lok Sabha elections and he was given charge of politically most significant state Uttar Pradesh which sends 80 MPs to the Loksabha. Under Shah’s stewardship, BJP won record 73 of the 80 Lok Sabha seats in Uttar Pradesh.

Leading return of BJP in Uttar Pradesh

• It is often said, that the party that wins Uttar Pradesh, wins throne of Delhi. When Shah took charge of the state, BJP was in a tough spot and was struggling for its survival, as party was reduced to just 15% vote share in 2012 Uttar Pradesh assembly elections.
  
• He broke down the moribund structure of the party and rebuilt it from the scratch. Known for his firm grip on poll arithmetic, Shah devised strategy to mobilised support of those social groups who had never associated themselves with BJP. He also stuck alliance with local parties like Apna Dal expand BJP’s social footprint in Uttar Pradesh. Shah travelled across the state, spent dozens of nights at district headquarters and interacted with local leaders to understand complexities of local politics, which helped him devise counter strategy to take on parties like SP and BSP. 
• Owing to his social engineering, ground level strategy and Mr. Narendra Modi’s popularity, BJP created history and won a massive mandate by winning 73 of the 80 Loksabha seat sof UP. The Party got 42.6% of the total votes, which was highest ever till then.

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In 2014, after Shri Narendra Modi became the Prime Minister of India, Amit Shah was appointed the President of "Gujarat State Cricket Association." With his efforts GCA started rebuilding of "Motera Cricket Stadium" which is now knows as “Narendra Modi Stadium” and is considered to be one of the best stadiums in the world. 

Key highlights of accomplishments as President-GCA

• The jurisdiction of cricket ground of Gujarat Science College was transferred from the State Government to Gujarat Cricket Association. Consequently, over 200 cricket matches are now played every year at this ground. This facility and practice opportunity has helped dozens of cricket players from Gujarat breaking into different IPL teams.
  
• For the first time Shah created posts of Director, Deputy Director, and Coach at GCA academy. His thoughtful initiative ensured better training for youngsters which resulted in a number of young players getting included in India’s U-19 cricket team.

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Acknowledging Amit Shah’s organizational capabilities and commitment towards the party's ideology, the senior party leaders appointed him as the BJP's National President in July 2014. At 49 years of age, Amit Shah became the youngest president of the party.

Some significant milestones include:

Shah’s tireless efforts and his unflinching commitment to party’s programmes and ideology got him the coveted post of National President in July, 2014. He got second term in 2016 and his entire term lasted till 2019. At 49 years of age, Shah is the youngest National President of BJP so far. With political experience and training as a grassroots worker, he seamlessly discharged his duties.

Expanding electoral footprint of the BJP: Prior to 2014, BJP was considered to be a party of Hindi heartland and few western states. But after 2014, due to the popularity of PM Modi and efforts of Shah, BJP not only further strengthened its hold in its traditional bastons but also historically expanded in northeast, east and parts of southern India. BJP succeeded in making its CMs in norther eastern states of Assam, Manipur, Tripura and Arunachal Pradesh; party also became part of ruling alliances in Nagaland, Meghalay, Mizoram and Sikkim. North East Development Alliance (NEDA), a brainchild of Shah, played an important role in political growth of BJP in the north east.  In Eastern India, BJP formed its government in Jharkhand in 2014, NDA returned to power in Bihar and BJP emerged as the main opposition party in Odisha and West Bengal after its historical success in 2019 Loksabha Elections. Despite forming government in Karnataka and winning four Loksabha seats in Telengana, BJP still has to go a long way in South, though party has increased its vote base in all southern states. However, due to local factors, during Shah’s tenure party lost assembly elections in Delhi, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh. But party retuned with a bang in 2019 loksabha election by winning 70 of total 72 Loksabha seats falling in these 4 states. Prime Minister Modi’s popularity was one of the main factors in all these electoral success of the BJP between 2014 to 2019. However, Shah’s strategic acumen and organizational skills also played a very important role.

Re-establishing the tradition of ‘Pravas’ (touring): Shah re-established the tradition of Pravas (tours) in the BJP by introducing several new strategic initiatives. Touring was made more effective by introducing concepts like Chakriya Pravas and emphasis on overnight stays. Shah also introduced austerity measures by discouraging five-star culture and travel by charter planes. Such measures to a large scale succeeded in bringing gaps between leaders and common workers. Shah promoted tour culture by setting example by himself, he became first BJP president to tour all states of India within first year of his tenure and during his tenure he spent at least one night in 90% district HQs of India.

Membership Drive: Shah introduced a transparent technology-based membership drive. Such was the effort of Shah and PM Modi’s popularity that in a short period of time BJP membership rose from 2.47 Cr. to 11.20 Cr. and it became world’s largest party overtaking Communist Party of China. Thanks to Shah’s efforts today BJP boosts off more than 18 Cr. members. Its significant that only seven countries in the world have more population than BJP members. 

Training Drive: An extensive training drive was also launched to train newly inducted party members. The objective was to train them about party’s ideology and programs so that they can become active member of the party. Millions of workers were trained in thousands of training camps. Besides this Shah also organized training camps for office bearers and assistance of ministers.

Building offices till district level: Shah took up ambitious project of building BJP office in every district HQ of the country.  Thanks to Shah’s vision that today BJP either has office or building is in progress in all district HQ of India.

Promoting reading by building libraries: Himself an avid reader, Shah made libraries as an integral part of BJP offices. He also initiated a project to digitize all party documents.

Restructuring Party Organization: Before Shah took over, BJP organization had dozens of departments and cells. Most of these departments and cells did not have a clear mandate and were dysfunctional. Shah dissolved all of them and scientifically carved out 19 departments and 10 projects with a clear mandate and objectives. He also ensured that this structure is followed in each state organization. He constituted a special team for implementation of this initiative. 

Sampark (outreach) for Smarthan (support): BJP under Shah selected 4000 public representatives to reach out to imminent personalities from different fields. The objective was to educate these opinion makers about good work done by the Modi government and seek their support for the party. Shah himself started this campaign on 29the May 2018 and met formers Chief of Army Gen Dalbeer Suhag & constitution expert Mr. Subhash Kashyap. Shah met about two dozen imminent personalities under this drive.

Pt Deendayal Upadhyay Vistarak Yojana: Shah once said, “to win election one has to win polling booth”. Following this principle, Shah designed this project to strengthen the party at polling booth level. Party workers, who were given responsibility to appoint booth team and give them party program, was designated as Booth Vistarak. At national level, party appointed 400 thousand Vistaraks. Out of this more than 4 thousand were full time Vistaraks (6 to 12 month engagement). Shah himself played the role of Vistarak and visited 15 booths of five states, starting from Naxalbari of West Bengal.

All India Presidential Vistrit (Extensive) Paravas (Tour): At Bhubaneshwar Executive Meeting of the party in 2017, Shah announced All India Extensive Tour for himself. The purpose was to strengthen party organization and imbibe confidence in party workers. Under the program, Shah visited all states of India spending 3 days in big states, 2 days in medium states and 1 day in UTs and small states. Shah spent 60 days (46 days night stays) travelling more than 50 thousand kilometres. He held 309 organizational meetings and direct interaction with intellectuals, media and other social and economic organizations. During this drive history was made as for the first time National, State, District, Mandal and Booth Presidents of the BJP shared dais.

Strategy for Week states: Shah devised a strategy to expand party footprint in seven weak states namely Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Kerala, Odisha, Tamilnadu, Telengana and West Bengal. Party leaders panned out in these states, programs were made for PM Modi and Shah himself extensively toured. The strategy worked, BJP formed its government in Assam and increased its Loksabha MP tally from 14 in 2014 to 41 in 2019 in these seven states. 

Strategy for North East: PM Modi gave special focus to North East in his programs due region’s importance in terms of national unity and its potential of development. Shah took upon himself to use this as an opportunity to expand the party. Due to his relentless efforts, creation of North East Democratic Alliance (NEDA), alliances with likeminded parties and induction of locally strong leaders, BJP/NDA formed its government in all North-eastern states including Sikkim and in 2019 loksabha election NDA’s tally swelled from 8 to 18 Loksabha seats.

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In the year 2016, Amit Shah was made the trustee of the Somnath Temple Trust. Aadi Jyothirlinga Shri Somnath Mahadev Temple is one of the 12 sacred Jyotirlingas, Prime Minister Mr. Narendra Modi and Mr. Lal Krishna Advani are also the trustees of this Trust. 

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Shah did not contest 2017 Gujarat assembly election and after serving the people as MLA, he entered Indian parliament in 2017 as Member of Rajyasabha from Gujarat.

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Being a people’s person, Shah choose to enter parliament by contesting Loksabha election from Gujarat’s prestigious Gandhinagar Loksabha seats in 2019. Former Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Deputy Prime Minister L.K. Adwani has also contested this seat several times in the past. Shah won by a record margin. He defeated his nearest rival of Congress party by a record margin of 5 lakh 57 thousand votes by securing 70 percent votes polled. He tool oath as Loksabha member on 17th June 2019. 

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Assume Charge as Union Home Minister on 1st June 2019.

Achievements as Home Minister of India

As Home Minister in Gujarat, Amit Shah used to constantly draw attention to the subjects which were obstructing the security and sovereignty of the country. Today, when he is the Home Minister of the country, he is becoming an important participant in the serious steps taken on those aspects under the leadership of Shri Narendra Modi. During his tenure as the Home Minister, the Modi government at the Center has taken conciliatory decisions on many historical and decades-old issues related to making the country's internal security impenetrable. Though the work is in progress but some of the notable works done in first three years are as following.

Abrogation of Article 370 & 35A: The path of peace and progress has been opened in the Kashmir Valley due to a permanent solution to a decades-old problem like Article 370. Path to abrogate Arti 370 was not an easy one due various legal hurdles & lack of required Majority in Rajyasbha. Once again Chankya in Shah was in play, he not only navigated legal hurdles but also managed required support in the parliament to achieve what had always looked impossible. Shah made historical speech in the both houses of parliament and was applauded by none other than Prime Minister Modi himself who gave him full support in implementing this historical legislative amendment. This historic decision has demoralized and weakened the designs of separatism and terrorism in Kashmir. Grassroots democracy has been reinstated in Kashmir by holding peaceful panchayat elections and now Kashmir valley is experiencing fruits of development like rest of the India.

Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA): Besides Article 370, CAA has been part of BJP elections manifestos for a long time. It was only Shah, under PM Modi, who had not only resolve but courage to successfully legislate the CAA. Baffled opposition instigated demonstrations across the country but Shah did not budge and ensured that the CAA becomes a reality. This legislation has given hopes to millions of Indians who were facing unabated persecution on the basis of religion in other countries for decades. Thousand of people have already been given Indian citizenship under the CAA.

Return of peace and Progress in North East: After becoming the Home Minister, Amit Shah also peacefully resolved the pending problems related to the borders of the north-eastern states and internal security there. Vexed issues like Bru-Reang Pact, resolution of Assam-Meghalaya border dispute, resolution of Bodo problem are among few achievements worth mentioning. 

Handling Left Wing Extremism & Terrorism: Shah made a concrete strategy on the policy of zero tolerance against Left Wing Extremism. Today the Left Wing Extremism in India has been pushed to corners and is counting its days. The newly attained readiness of the internal security system to terrorism has resulted in the fact that terrorist activities have now been limited to sporadic incidences.  

New approach to Disaster Management: After becoming the Home Minister, Shah prepared a complete blueprint to organize the new approach of disaster management according to the ten-point agenda set by PM Modi. His approach to disaster management covers all the crucial aspects related to dealing of calamities beginning from advanced planning to re-habilitation of affected people. Now people of India trust National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) and feel comfortable even in extreme calamities once they arrive.

Giant Stride towards Drug Free India: Amit Shah, as the Home Minister, took several steps at the policy level to deal with the challenges of drug trade and drug consumption. 

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When Prime Minister Narendra Modi formed the Ministry of Cooperation on July 6, 2021, Amit Shah was given its charge. Shah's experience in the cooperative sector is wide and extensive. Under the guidance of PM Modi, Ministry of Cooperation is working with the resolve “Sahakar Se Samriddhi” (Prosperity through Cooperation). Shah is working with the goal of positioning the cooperative movement for modern challenges while eliminating instability, creating a transparent system and restoring the confidence of the smallest farmer in the cooperative sector. Shah believes that a robust cooperative moment can become growth engine of India and immensely contribute in country’s GDP. 

In a revolutionary step, the Ministry has decided to computerize 63000 PACs across India to ensure maximum transparency and modernization. On the basis of recommendation of Cooperation Ministry, the Reserve Bank of India has decided to increase the housing loan limits of Cooperative Banks by double. In addition to this, now like corporate banks, cooperative banks will also provide door step service to its customers. 

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Shri Amit Shah scored an even bigger victory in the Lok Sabha Election 2024 than in 2019. This time, he defeated his nearest rival by a vast margin of 744,716 votes. Shri Shah bagged a massive 10,10,972 votes. He took the oath as Lok Sabha Member for the second time in 24 June 2024.

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Shri Amit Shah reassumed his role as Union Home Minister for the second consecutive tenure on June 11, 2024.

Shri Shah embarked on his next journey as Union Cabinet Minister, bolstered by the success he attained in his previous tenure. In his first tenure, Shah was adorned by the achievements of abrogating Article 370, containing terrorism in Jammu and Kashmir, the Northeast, and left-wing extremist-affected areas. As the Home Minister, Shri Shah was also credited with the achievement of replacing colonial criminal laws with indigenous legislation, paving the way for comprehensive reform in the criminal justice system.

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Shri Amit Shah reassumed his role as Minister of Cooperation for the second consecutive tenure on June 11, 2024.

As the Minister of Cooperation, Shri Shah was celebrated for the computerization of 63,000 PACS and for empowering cooperative banks by doubling their limits for providing housing loans. Now, even cooperative banks can provide door-to-door services.

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